Ave, Aurora

Here's a poem composed in the 1800's by the Brazilian Antônio Lopes Castro. Written with the purpose of showing the affinity Portuguese has with Latin, this poem can be read in either of those two languages.


AVE, AURORA !

Salve, aurora ! eia, refulge !
Eia, anima valles, montes !
Hymnos canta, o Philomela,
Hymnos jucundos, insontes !


Quam pura, quam pudibunda
Es tu, aurora formosa !
Diffunde odores suaves,
Divina, purpurea rosa !

Es tu, aurora formosa !
Diffunde odores suaves,
Divina, purpurea rosa !

Eia, surge, vivifica
Pendentes ramos, aurora !
Aureos fulgores emitte,
Pallidas messes colora

Matutina aura, mitiga
Solares, nimios ardores;
Inspira gratos Favonios,
Euros, Zephyros protectores.

Eoa, Tithonia Diva,
Fecundos campos decora,
Canoras aves excita,
O serena, bella aurora !

Protege placidos somnos,
Inquietas mentes tempera,
Duras procellas dissipa,
Terras, flores refrigera.

Extingue umbrosos vapores,
O sol, o divina flamma !
Lucidas portas expande,
Tristes animos inflamma !

Salve, aurora ! eia, refulge!
Eia, anima valles, montes !
Hymnos canta, o Philomela,
Hymnos jucundos, insontes !

 
Portuguese spelling has been reformed since the writing of the poem, so it would look a little different if rewritten with today's standards, i.e. quam > quão; philomela > filomela; hymnos > hinos, and a few others (basically, the simplification of a number of graphemes, y > i; ph > f; th > t; ll > l; mm > m). Pronunciation-wise, there are differences as well, but, nevertheless understood, at least if read in Latin to a Portuguese speaker.
As explained in the article Consangüinidade Latim-Português by João Bortolanza (pg. 92 in a Brazilian university's magazine), the poem's author achieved his purpose by limiting the Latin verb forms to those of the second person singular imperative (canta, salve, refulge, protege, decora, excita, etc), and the present indicative form es, you are; and for nouns, using only the vocative singular (for feminine nouns like aurora, rosa, diva, etc.) and accusative plural (masculine and feminine nouns, which would end in -os and -as, respectively, and -es); all these forms are the same in Latin and Portuguese. Bortolanza also points out that the article had to be excluded completely, although it is very common in Portuguese but nonexistent in Latin. Bortolanza concludes this section by praising the author, Lopes Castro, and saying that it is no easy task finding common words in both languages, with identical roots and declensions.

2 comments:

John Cowan said...

See also these poems at Futility Closet: one in Latin/Italian, and the other in Latin/Italian/sort-of-Portuguese.

Robertson Frizero said...

Thanks for the post. Marvelous discovery of yours!

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